Diagnosis and management of iridocorneal endothelial syndrome

The iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome is a rare ocular disorder that includes a group of conditions characterized by structural and proliferative abnormalities of the corneal endothelium, the anterior chamber angle, and the iris. Common clinical features include corneal edema, secondary glaucoma, iris atrophy, and pupillary anomalies, ranging from distortion to polycoria. The main subtypes of this syndrome are the progressive iris atrophy, the Cogan-Reese syndrome, and the Chandler syndrome. ICE syndrome is usually diagnosed in women in the adult age. Clinical history and complete eye examination including tonometry and gonioscopy are necessary to reach a diagnosis. Imaging techniques, such as in vivo confocal microscopy and ultrasound biomicroscopy, are used to confirm the diagnosis by revealing the presence of "ICE-cells" on the corneal endothelium and the structural changes of the anterior chamber angle. An early diagnosis is helpful to better manage the most challenging complications such as secondary glaucoma and corneal edema. Treatment of ICE-related glaucoma often requires glaucoma filtering surgery with antifibrotic agents and the use of glaucoma drainage implants should be considered early in the management of these patients. Visual impairment and pain associated with corneal edema can be successfully managed with endothelial keratoplasty

Neuronavigational approach for orbital neurofibroma excision: a case report

Orbital neurofibromas are uncommon in adults, accounting for approximately 1%-3% of all space occupying lesions of the orbit. The complex anatomy of the orbital region, with the pronounced vulnerability of its neurovascular structures, requires particular surgical precautions. Neuronavigation, as a high-tech device for intraoperative safety, represents a valuable option for the confined orbital space. However, the application of neuronavigation in orbital surgery has been rarely reported. The authors present a case report of a 32-year-old female with an isolated localized neurofibroma surgically approached by intraoperative navigation and a review of the literature

Hypoxia-dependent drivers of melanoma progression

Hypoxia, a condition of low oxygen availability, is a hallmark of tumour microenvironment and promotes cancer progression and resistance to therapy. Many studies reported the essential role of hypoxia in regulating invasiveness, angiogenesis, vasculogenic mimicry and response to therapy in melanoma. Melanoma is an aggressive cancer originating from melanocytes located in the skin (cutaneous melanoma), in the uveal tract of the eye (uveal melanoma) or in mucosal membranes (mucosal melanoma). These three subtypes of melanoma represent distinct neoplasms in terms of biology, epidemiology, aetiology, molecular profile and clinical features.In this review, the latest progress in hypoxia-regulated pathways involved in the development and progression of all melanoma subtypes were discussed. We also summarized current knowledge on preclinical studies with drugs targeting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1, angiogenesis or vasculogenic mimicry. Finally, we described available evidence on clinical studies investigating the use of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 inhibitors or antiangiogenic drugs, alone or in combination with other strategies, in metastatic and adjuvant settings of cutaneous, uveal and mucosal melanoma.Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-independent pathways have been also reported to regulate melanoma progression, but this issue is beyond the scope of this review.As evident from the numerous studies discussed in this review, the increasing knowledge of hypoxia-regulated pathways in melanoma progression and the promising results obtained from novel antiangiogenic therapies, could offer new perspectives in clinical practice in order to improve survival outcomes of melanoma patients

Dalla "suffusio" al cristallino: storia della cataratta attraverso gli strumento del Mueso di Storia della Medicina di Roma

By analysis of ancient surgical instruments it's possible define the history of medical specialties, and acquaint the evolutions of specific surgical techniques and operations through the centuries. The aim of the article is to reconstruct the history of the conception of cataracts, of theories and pathological interpretations in different eras, through the descriptions of surgical instruments and methodologies found in medical texts and the analysis of the artefacts kept in the Museum of History of Medicine of Rome

Macular ganglion cell layer thickness after macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair: scleral buckling versus pars plana vitrectomy

(1) Background: We evaluated macular ganglion cell layer-inner plexiform layer (GCL-IPL) thickness in patients with primary macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) treated with scleral buckling (SB) or pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). (2) Methods: In this retrospective, observational study, we reviewed the medical records of patients undergoing SB or PPV surgery for macula-off RRD. SD-OCT was performed at three and 12 months after surgery. The central and parafoveal GCL-IPL thicknesses in treated eyes were compared with those of healthy fellow eyes. OCT measurements between the SB and PPV group were also compared using the analysis of covariance. (3) Results: Seventy-one eyes of 71 patients with a mean age of 61.2 ± 11.7 years were included. The parafoveal GCL-IPL thickness of the PPV group was significantly reduced, with respect to fellow eyes, at three and 12 months (p < 0.01). After adjusting for age, axial length, spherical equivalent, RD extent, preoperative intraretinal cysts, duration of symptoms and postoperative IOP, the parafoveal GCL-IPL thickness in the PPV group was significantly reduced with respect to the SB group, both at three and 12 months (F = 11.45, p = 0.001 and F = 12.37, p = 0.001, respectively). (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, the GCL-IPL is reduced in thickness in eyes with macula-off RRD treated with vitrectomy and is significantly thinner compared to eyes undergoing scleral buckling surgery

Consolidando la transformación organizacional en el IPAP CHACO

El presente trabajo desarrolla una comparación y un análisis de la evolución de los objetivos que el IPAP se planteó en el año 2014, cuando comenzó a implementar un sistema informático integrado –en base a software libre- que le permitiera su transformación organizacional y su posicionamiento como órgano rector del sistema de capacitación e investigación del Estado Chaqueño. La incorporación de herramientas de internet y el mejoramiento permanente de la página web institucional han generado que los objetivos –sobre todo la promoción y divulgación de las actividades realizadas en el Instituto y la despapelización- se logren de manera significativa a lo largo de estos tres años de gestión.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Consolidando la transformación organizacional en el IPAP CHACO

El presente trabajo desarrolla una comparación y un análisis de la evolución de los objetivos que el IPAP se planteó en el año 2014, cuando comenzó a implementar un sistema informático integrado –en base a software libre- que le permitiera su transformación organizacional y su posicionamiento como órgano rector del sistema de capacitación e investigación del Estado Chaqueño. La incorporación de herramientas de internet y el mejoramiento permanente de la página web institucional han generado que los objetivos –sobre todo la promoción y divulgación de las actividades realizadas en el Instituto y la despapelización- se logren de manera significativa a lo largo de estos tres años de gestión.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Consolidando la transformación organizacional en el IPAP CHACO

El presente trabajo desarrolla una comparación y un análisis de la evolución de los objetivos que el IPAP se planteó en el año 2014, cuando comenzó a implementar un sistema informático integrado –en base a software libre- que le permitiera su transformación organizacional y su posicionamiento como órgano rector del sistema de capacitación e investigación del Estado Chaqueño. La incorporación de herramientas de internet y el mejoramiento permanente de la página web institucional han generado que los objetivos –sobre todo la promoción y divulgación de las actividades realizadas en el Instituto y la despapelización- se logren de manera significativa a lo largo de estos tres años de gestión.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Desarrollo de mejoras tecnológicas en el ámbito del Instituto Provincial de Administración Pública del Chaco (IPAP Chaco)

El presente trabajo desarrolla una comparación y un análisis de la evolución de los objetivos que el IPAP se planteó en el año 2014, cuando comenzó a implementar un sistema informático integrado – en base a software libre- que le permitiera su transformación organizacional y su posicionamiento como órgano rector del sistema de capacitación e investigación del Estado Chaqueño. La incorporación de herramientas de internet y el mejoramiento permanente de la página web institucional han generado que los objetivos –sobre todo la promoción y divulgación de las actividades realizadas en el Instituto, la aplicación de protocolos de seguridad de la información en base al “Modelo de Políticas de Seguridad de la Información de la Provincia del Chaco” (Decreto Provincial N° 2743/18) y la despapelización – se logren de manera significativa a lo largo de estos cinco años y medio de gestión.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativ